How Long to Read When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition

How Long Does it Take to Read When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition?

It takes the average reader 8 hours and 5 minutes to read When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition by William D. Middleton

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This comprehensive history of North American railroad electrification has been out of print for many years. Now, Indiana University Press is proud to announce its return in an new, updated second edition. For most of the first half of the 20th century the United States led the way in railroad electrification. Before the outbreak of World War II, the country had some 2,400 route-miles and more than 6,300 track-miles operating under electric power, far more than any other nation and more than 20 percent of the world's total. In almost every instance, electrification was a huge success. Running times were reduced. Tonnage capacities were increased. Fuel and maintenance costs were lowered, and the service lives of electric locomotives promised to be twice as long as those of steam locomotives. Yet despite its many triumphs, electrification of U.S. railroads failed to achieve the wide application that once was so confidently predicted. By the 1970s, it was the Soviet Union, with almost 22,000 electrified route-miles, that led the way, and the U.S. had declined to 17th place. Today, electric operation of U.S. railroads is back in the limelight. The federally funded Northeast Corridor Improvement Program has provided an expanded Northeast Corridor electrification, with high-speed trains that are giving the fastest rail passenger service ever seen in North America, while still other high-speed corridors are planned for other parts of the country. And with U.S. rail freight tonnage at its highest levels in history, the ability of electric locomotives to expand capacity promises to bring renewed consideration of freight railroad electrification. Middleton begins his ambitious chronicle of the ups and downs of railway electrification with the history of its early days, and brings it right up to the present—which is surely not the end of this complex and mercurial story.

How long is When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition?

When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition by William D. Middleton is 482 pages long, and a total of 121,464 words.

This makes it 163% the length of the average book. It also has 148% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 11 hours and 3 minutes to read When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition aloud.

What Reading Level is When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition?

When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition?

When the Steam Railroads Electrified, Revised Second Edition by William D. Middleton is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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