How Long to Read ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation

How Long Does it Take to Read ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation?

It takes the average reader 7 hours and 40 minutes to read ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation by Jonathan P. Bowen

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

1 In a number of recent presentations – most notably at FME’96 –oneofthe foremost scientists in the ?eld of formal methods, C.A.R. Hoare,has highlighted the fact that formal methods are not the only technique for producing reliable software. This seems to have caused some controversy,not least amongst formal methods practitioners. How can one of the founding fathers of formal methods seemingly denounce the ?eld of research after over a quarter of a century of support? This is a question that has been posed recently by some formal methods skeptics. However, Prof. Hoare has not abandoned formal methods. He is reiterating, 2 albeitmoreradically,his1987view thatmorethanonetoolandnotationwillbe requiredinthepractical,industrialdevelopmentoflarge-scalecomplexcomputer systems; and not all of these tools and notations will be, or even need be, formal in nature. Formalmethods arenotasolution,butratheroneofaselectionoftechniques that have proven to be useful in the development of reliable complex systems, and to result in hardware and software systems that can be produced on-time and within a budget, while satisfying the stated requirements. After almostthree decades,the time has come to view formalmethods in the context of overall industrial-scale system development, and their relationship to othertechniquesandmethods.Weshouldnolongerconsidertheissueofwhether we are “pro-formal” or “anti-formal”, but rather the degree of formality (if any) that we need to support in system development. This is a goal of ZUM’98, the 11th International Conference of Z Users, held for the ?rst time within continental Europe in the city of Berlin, Germany.

How long is ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation?

ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation by Jonathan P. Bowen is 460 pages long, and a total of 115,000 words.

This makes it 155% the length of the average book. It also has 141% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 10 hours and 28 minutes to read ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation aloud.

What Reading Level is ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation?

ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation?

ZUM '98: The Z Formal Specification Notation by Jonathan P. Bowen is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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