How Long to Read Disparate Ladders

How Long Does it Take to Read Disparate Ladders?

It takes the average reader 7 hours and 16 minutes to read Disparate Ladders by Arnold J. Heidenheimer

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This study breaks new ground in examining how political factors helped lead three countries with highly regarded education systems to evolve quite different structures and processes in their secondary and higher education sectors. Their educational "ladders" are disparate because the techniques and timing for selecting students for further educational opportunities vary both among the three nations, and within the German and Swiss federal systems. The comparative analysis seeks to place the Japanese trajectory with reference to European developments, and to account for some of its unique aspects. Building on an extensive record of publication on comparative education policies and welfare state development, Heidenheimer places special emphasis on exploring the network of relationships between the various levels of the educational system and tiers of government. Following a strategy of integrated comparative analysis, the various national school and university types are directly compared as to their permeability, nature of administrative supervision, curricula, and examination practices. Contrasting the ways in which political parties and bureaucracies have made and adapted policies helps clarify how and why specific innovations became political issues, at the national and regional levels. Through close contextual case analysis, the study probes why, despite great differences hi political institutions, some secondary school policies became especially embattled in all three countries. Heidenheimer explains why the German "Lander "have maintained a monopoly in the university sector, whereas in both "centralized" Japan and "decentralized" Switzerland national governments operate and finance key parts of the university sector. Also analyzed is the impact of post-unification developments on East German university expansion. Whereas many Swiss schools have no principal, German courts have ruled that principals have tenure in their jobs. This comparative treatment by a political scientist complements studies of education by sociologists and economists analyzing how differences in political institutions have helped shape some distinctive policy emphases. Based on original research and a broad command of the literature, "Disparate Ladders "will appeal to school administrators, educators, political scientists, social historians, sociologists, and multiculturalists.

How long is Disparate Ladders?

Disparate Ladders by Arnold J. Heidenheimer is 426 pages long, and a total of 109,056 words.

This makes it 144% the length of the average book. It also has 133% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Disparate Ladders Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 55 minutes to read Disparate Ladders aloud.

What Reading Level is Disparate Ladders?

Disparate Ladders is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Disparate Ladders?

Disparate Ladders by Arnold J. Heidenheimer is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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