How Long to Read Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry

How Long Does it Take to Read Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 30 minutes to read Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry by Ronald N. Kostoff

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Identifying research users, applications, and impact is important for research performers, managers, evaluators, and sponsors. It is important to know whether the audience reached is the audience desired. It also is useful to understand the technical characteristics of the other research, development, and applications affected by the originating research, and to understand other characteristics (e.g., names, organizations, countries) of the users affected by the research. Because of the many indirect pathways through which fundamental research can affect applications, identifying the user audience and research impacts can be very complex and time consuming. This report identifies the literature pathways through which two highly-cited papers of 2002 Chemistry Nobel Laureates, John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka, affected other research, technology development, and applications. It also identifies the technical and infrastructure characteristics of the user population. Citation Mining, an integration of citation bibliometrics and text mining, was applied to the more than 1600 first-generation Science Citation Index (SCI) citing papers to Fenn's 1989 Science paper on Electrospray Ionization for Mass Spectrometry, and to the more than 400 first-generation SCI citing papers to Tanaka's 1988 Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry paper on Laser Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Bibliometrics was performed on the citing papers to profile user characteristics, and text mining was performed on them to identify technical areas affected by the research, the relationships among these technical areas, and the relationships among the technical areas and the infrastructure (i.e., authors, journals, organizations). (3 figures, 61 refs.)

How long is Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry?

Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry by Ronald N. Kostoff is 90 pages long, and a total of 22,500 words.

This makes it 30% the length of the average book. It also has 27% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 2 minutes to read Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry aloud.

What Reading Level is Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry?

Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry?

Macromolecule Mass Spectrometry by Ronald N. Kostoff is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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