How Long to Read Molecular Biomineralization

How Long Does it Take to Read Molecular Biomineralization?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 50 minutes to read Molecular Biomineralization by Werner E. G. Müller

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The concept of ‘biomineralization’ signifies mineralization processes that take place in close association with organic molecules or matrices. The awareness that mineral formation can be guided by organic molecules notably contributed to the understanding of the formation of the inorganic skeletons of living organisms. Modern electron microscopic and spectroscopic analyses have successfully demonstrated the participation of biological systems in several mineralization processes, and prominent examples include the formation of bio-silica in diatoms and sponges. This insight has already made the application of recombinant technology for the production of valuable inorganic polymers, such as bio-silica, possible. This polymer can be formed by silicatein under conditions that cannot be matched by chemical means. Similarly, the efforts described in this book have elucidated that certain organisms, bacteria in deep-sea polymetallic nodules and coccoliths in seamount crusts, are involved in the deposition of marine minerals. Strategies have already been developed to utilize such microorganisms for the biosynthesis and bioleaching of marine deposits. Moreover, studies reveal that bio-polymers enhance the hydroxyapatite formation of bone-forming cells and alter the expression of important regulators of bone resorption, suggesting a potential for bone regeneration and treatment / prevention of osteoporosis.

How long is Molecular Biomineralization?

Molecular Biomineralization by Werner E. G. Müller is 404 pages long, and a total of 102,616 words.

This makes it 136% the length of the average book. It also has 125% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Molecular Biomineralization Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 20 minutes to read Molecular Biomineralization aloud.

What Reading Level is Molecular Biomineralization?

Molecular Biomineralization is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Molecular Biomineralization?

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