How Long to Read National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges

How Long Does it Take to Read National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 1 minute to read National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges by Didier Bigo

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This study provides a comparative analysis of the national legal regimes and practices governing the use of intelligence information as evidence in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands and Sweden. It explores notably how national security can be invoked to determine the classification of information and evidence as 'state secrets' in court proceedings and whether such laws and practices are fundamental rights and rule of law-compliant. The study finds that, in the majority of Member States under investigation, the judiciary is significantly hindered in effectively adjudicating justice and guaranteeing the rights of the defence in 'national security' cases. The research also illustrates that the very term 'national security' is nebulously defined across the Member States analysed, with no national definition meeting legal certainty and "in accordance with the law" standards and a clear risk that the executive and secret services may act arbitrarily. The study argues that national and transnational intelligence community practices and cooperation need to be subject to more independent and effective judicial accountability and be brought into line with EU 'rule of law' standards.

How long is National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges?

National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges by Didier Bigo is 118 pages long, and a total of 30,444 words.

This makes it 40% the length of the average book. It also has 37% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 46 minutes to read National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges aloud.

What Reading Level is National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges?

National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges?

National Security and Secret Evidence in Legislation and Before the Courts: Exploring the Challenges by Didier Bigo is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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