How Long to Read Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective

How Long Does it Take to Read Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 14 minutes to read Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective by František Baluška

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Since the concept of allelopathy was introduced almost 100 years ago, research has led to an understanding that plants are involved in complex communicative interactions. They use a battery of different signals that convey plant-relevant information within plant individuals as well as between plants of the same species or different species. The 13 chapters of this volume discuss all these topics from an ecological perspective. Communication between plants allows them to share physiological and ecological information relevant for their survival and ?tness. It is obvious that in these very early days of ecological plant communication research we are illuminating only the ‘tip of iceberg’ of the communicative nature of higher plants. Nevertheless, knowledge on the identity and informative value of volatiles used by plants for communication is increasing with breath-taking speed. Among the most spectacular examples are sit- tions where plant emitters warn neighbours about a danger, increasing their innate immunity, or when herbivore-attacked plants attract the enemies of the herbivores (‘cry for help’ and ‘plant bodyguards’ concepts). It is becoming obvious that plants use not only volatile signals but also diverse water soluble molecules, in the case of plant roots, to safeguard their evolutionary success and accomplish self/non-self kin rec- nition. Importantly, as with all the examples of biocommunication, irrespective of whether signals and signs are transmitted via physical or chemical pathways, plant communication is a rule-governed and sign-mediated process.

How long is Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective?

Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective by František Baluška is 252 pages long, and a total of 63,504 words.

This makes it 85% the length of the average book. It also has 78% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 47 minutes to read Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective aloud.

What Reading Level is Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective?

Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective?

Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective by František Baluška is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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