How Long to Read The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils

How Long Does it Take to Read The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils?

It takes the average reader and 49 minutes to read The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils by Mr.Roel M. W. J. Beetsma

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The global surge in independent fiscal councils (IFCs) raises three related questions: How can IFCs improve the conduct of fiscal policy? Are they simultaneously desirable for voters and elected policymakers? And are they resilient to changes in political conditions? We build a model in which voters cannot observe the true competence of elected policymakers. IFCs’ role is to mitigate this imperfection. Equilibrium public debt is excessive because policymakers are “partisan” and “opportunistic.” If voters only care about policymakers’ competence, both the incumbent and the voters would be better off with an IFC as the debt bias would shrink. However, when other considerations eclipse competence and give the incumbent a strong electoral advantage or disadvantage, setting up an IFC may be counterproductive as the debt bias would increase. If the incumbent holds a moderate electoral advantage or disadvantage, voters would prefer an IFC, but an incumbent with a large advantage may prefer not to have an IFC. The main policy implications are that (i) establishing an IFC can only lower the debt bias if voters care sufficiently about policymakers’ competence; (ii) not all political environments are conducive to the emergence of IFCs; and (iii) IFCs are consequently vulnerable to shifts in political conditions.

How long is The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils?

The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils by Mr.Roel M. W. J. Beetsma is 48 pages long, and a total of 12,384 words.

This makes it 16% the length of the average book. It also has 15% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 7 minutes to read The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils aloud.

What Reading Level is The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils?

The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils?

The Political Economy of Fiscal Transparency and Independent Fiscal Councils by Mr.Roel M. W. J. Beetsma is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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